THE ROWLATT ACT-1919

• . The Rowlatt Act of 1919  gave the government enormous powers to repress political activities.
• The Act allowed detention of political prisoners without trial for twoyears.
•  Mahatma Gandhi wanted non-violent civil disobedience againstsuch unjust laws, which would start with a hartal on 6 April.

KHILAFAT ISSUE.

•  The First World War had ended with the defeat of Ottoman Turkey. And there were rumours that a harsh peace treaty was going to be imposed on the Ottoman emperor – the spiritual head of the Islamic world (the Khalifa).
• To defend the Khalifa’s temporal powers, a Khilafat Committee wasformed in Bombay in March 1919 under the leadership of the brothers Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali.

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